Bone conduction is a method of sound transmission, which converts sound into mechanical vibrations of different frequencies and transmits sound waves through the human skull, bone labyrinth, inner ear lymph, Corti apparatus, auditory nerve, and auditory center. It generates nerve impulses with the auditory nerve and transmits them to the auditory center. After comprehensive analysis by the cerebral cortex, sound is "heard".
The mechanism of bone conduction hearing is described as the cochlea compression effect. The mechanical vibration containing sound information is transmitted to the cochlea through the skull, temporal bone, and bone labyrinth systems, driving the oval window vibration of the cochlea and thereby promoting the reciprocating flow of lymphatic fluid in the cochlea. Due to the asymmetric structure inside the cochlea (mainly caused by the asymmetry of the vestibular organs), the action of lymphatic fluid on both sides of the basement membrane during flow is inconsistent, resulting in corresponding deformation of the basement membrane in the cochlea, triggering neural impulses in the auditory nerve receptors on the basement membrane, and triggering hearing.